Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The ability to do work is called
a. | velocity. | b. | energy. | c. | conversion. | d. | friction. |
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2.
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Energy is measured in units called
a. | joules. | b. | pounds. | c. | meters. | d. | horsepower. |
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3.
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The energy associated with motion is called
a. | kinetic energy. | b. | elastic potential energy. | c. | gravitational
potential energy. | d. | nuclear energy. |
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4.
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Kinetic energy increases as
a. | mass increases and velocity decreases. | b. | mass decreases and velocity
increases. | c. | both mass and velocity increase. | d. | both mass and velocity
decrease. |
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5.
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The total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object is
called
a. | mechanical energy. | b. | thermal energy. | c. | chemical
energy. | d. | electrical energy. |
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6.
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When you rub your hands together on a cold day, you use friction to
convert
a. | mechanical energy into thermal energy. | b. | thermal energy into nuclear
energy. | c. | nuclear energy into electrical energy. | d. | electrical energy into electromagnetic
energy. |
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7.
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An example of a fossil fuel is
a. | wood. | b. | petroleum. | c. | the
sun. | d. | water. |
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8.
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Which of the following has kinetic energy?
a. | a rock poised for a fall | b. | an archer’s bow that is drawn
back | c. | a rolling bowling ball | d. | a car waiting at a red
light |
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9.
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Unlike kinetic energy, potential energy is
a. | energy of motion. | b. | stored. | c. | conserved. | d. | not measurable. |
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10.
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Potential energy that depends on height is called
a. | kinetic energy. | b. | gravitational potential
energy. | c. | elastic potential energy. | d. | mechanical
energy. |
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11.
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The law of conservation of energy states that when one form of energy is
converted into another,
a. | energy is destroyed in the process. | b. | no energy is destroyed in the
process. | c. | energy is created in the process. | d. | some amount of energy cannot be accounted
for. |
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12.
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Which of the following is an example of exerting a force?
a. | a child running through a field | b. | a train speeding down a
track | c. | a carpenter hammering a nail | d. | an airplane soaring through the
sky |
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13.
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What happens when two forces act in the same direction?
a. | They cancel each other out. | b. | The stronger one prevails. | c. | They add
together. | d. | Their sum divided by two is the total force. |
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14.
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The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion is known as
a. | mass. | b. | inertia. | c. | force. | d. | balance. |
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15.
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The greater the mass of an object,
a. | the easier the object starts moving. | b. | the greater its inertia. | c. | the more balanced it
is. | d. | the more space it takes up. |
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16.
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The force of gravity on a person or object on the surface of a planet is
called
a. | mass. | b. | terminal velocity. | c. | weight. | d. | free fall. |
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17.
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One way to increase acceleration is by
a. | increasing mass. | b. | decreasing mass. | c. | decreasing
force. | d. | increasing both force and mass proportionally. |
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18.
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The force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other
is called
a. | friction. | b. | acceleration. | c. | inertia. | d. | gravity. |
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19.
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When the only force acting on a falling object is gravity, the object is said to
be
a. | stationary. | b. | decelerating. | c. | in free
fall. | d. | a projectile. |
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20.
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Air resistance is a type of
a. | motion. | b. | acceleration. | c. | velocity. | d. | friction. |
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21.
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The force of gravity on a person or object at the surface of a planet is known
as
a. | mass. | b. | inertia. | c. | air
resistance. | d. | weight. |
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22.
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The law of universal gravitation states that any two objects in the universe,
without exception,
a. | attract each other. | b. | repel each other. | c. | combine to provide a
balanced force. | d. | create friction. |
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23.
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Forces can be added together only if they are
a. | acting on the same object. | b. | balanced forces. | c. | unaffected by
gravity. | d. | substantial. |
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24.
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The product of an object’s mass and velocity is called its
a. | inertia. | b. | momentum. | c. | acceleration. | d. | force. |
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25.
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According to the law of conservation of momentum, when two objects collide in
the absence of friction,
a. | velocity decreases. | b. | velocity increases. | c. | momentum is not
lost. | d. | only the object with the larger mass continues on. |
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26.
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The achievement of lifting a rocket off the ground and into space can be
explained by
a. | Newton’s first law. | b. | Newton’s second law. | c. | Newton’s third
law. | d. | the law of conservation of momentum. |
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27.
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What is required for a rocket to lift off into space?
a. | thrust that is greater than Earth’s gravity | b. | mass that is greater
than Earth’s | c. | very little air resistance | d. | more velocity than
friction |
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28.
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An object that travels around another object in space is called a(n)
a. | projectile. | b. | inertia. | c. | mass. | d. | satellite. |
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29.
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Any force that causes an object to move in a circle is called a(n)
a. | balanced force. | b. | unbalanced force. | c. | gravitational
force. | d. | centripetal force. |
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30.
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In physical science, a push or a pull is called a(n)
a. | force. | b. | acceleration. | c. | inertia. | d. | motion. |
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31.
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The momentum of an object is in the same direction as its
a. | force. | b. | acceleration. | c. | velocity. | d. | inertia. |
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32.
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How can you increase the momentum of an object?
a. | by decreasing its velocity | b. | by increasing its mass | c. | by increasing its
friction | d. | by decreasing its acceleration |
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33.
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The amount of matter in an object is called its
a. | inertia. | b. | mass. | c. | force. | d. | balance. |
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34.
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The force that pulls falling objects toward Earth is called
a. | gravity. | b. | free fall. | c. | acceleration. | d. | air resistance. |
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35.
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Objects falling through air experience a type of friction called
a. | terminal velocity. | b. | air resistance. | c. | inertia. | d. | rolling
friction. |
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36.
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According to Newton’s third law of motion, when a hammer strikes and
exerts force on a nail, the nail
a. | creates a friction with the hammer. | b. | disappears into the wood. | c. | exerts an equal
force back on the hammer. | d. | moves at a constant
speed. |
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37.
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The SI unit for force is the
a. | newton. | b. | meter. | c. | kilogram. | d. | pound. |
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38.
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Balanced forces acting on an object
a. | always change the object’s motion. | b. | sometimes change the
object’s motion. | c. | never change the object’s
motion. | d. | are not related to motion. |
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39.
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When an object’s distance from another object is changing,
a. | it is in motion. | b. | it is speeding. | c. | it has a high
velocity. | d. | it is accelerating. |
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40.
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The basic SI unit of length is the
a. | meter. | b. | foot. | c. | inch. | d. | mile. |
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41.
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Speed equals distance divided by
a. | time. | b. | velocity. | c. | size. | d. | motion. |
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42.
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When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion, you know
the
a. | average speed of the object. | b. | acceleration of the object. | c. | distance the object
has traveled. | d. | velocity of the object. |
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43.
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You can show the motion of an object on a line graph in which you plot distance
against
a. | velocity. | b. | time. | c. | speed. | d. | direction. |
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44.
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The steepness of a line on a graph is called the
a. | rise. | b. | run. | c. | slope. | d. | the vertical
axis. |
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45.
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The upper layer of Earth consists of more than a dozen major pieces
called
a. | units. | b. | plates. | c. | continents. | d. | tectonics. |
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46.
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If one of Earth’s plates moves 5 centimeters every year, how far will it
move in 500 years?
a. | 25 kilometers | b. | 25 centimeters | c. | 25
meters | d. | 250 meters |
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47.
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The rate at which velocity changes is called
a. | instantaneous speed. | b. | direction. | c. | acceleration. | d. | motion. |
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48.
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To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate the change
in speed during each unit of
a. | velocity. | b. | time. | c. | motion. | d. | deceleration. |
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49.
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If speed is measured in kilometers per hour and time is measured in hours, the
unit of acceleration is
a. | hours. | b. | kilometers per hour. | c. | kilometers per hour
per hour. | d. | kilometers. |
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50.
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A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is
called
a. | a position. | b. | a reference point. | c. | a
constant. | d. | velocity. |
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51.
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On a graph showing distance versus time, a horizontal line represents an object
that is
a. | moving at a constant speed. | b. | increasing its speed. | c. | decreasing its
speed. | d. | not moving at all. |
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52.
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The International System of Units is used
a. | only in the United States. | b. | only in France. | c. | in most of
Europe. | d. | all over the world. |
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53.
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According to the theory of plate tectonics,
a. | Earth’s crust is made of molten material. | b. | Earth’s plates
move slowly. | c. | Earth’s surface has not changed over time. | d. | Earth’s plates
move at the same speed as Earth rotates on its axis. |
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54.
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If you know the distance an object has traveled in a certain amount of time, you
can determine
a. | the size of the object. | b. | the speed of the object. | c. | the location of the
object. | d. | the acceleration of the object. |
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55.
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If the speed of an object does NOT change, the object is traveling at a
a. | constant speed. | b. | average speed. | c. | increasing
speed. | d. | decreasing speed. |
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56.
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If a bicyclist travels 30 kilometers in two hours, her average speed is
a. | 30 km/h. | b. | 60 km/h. | c. | 15
km/h. | d. | 2 km/h. |
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57.
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If you know a car traveled 300 kilometers in 3 hours, you can find its
a. | acceleration. | b. | direction. | c. | average
speed. | d. | velocity. |
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58.
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In an acceleration graph showing speed versus time, a straight line shows the
acceleration is
a. | decreasing. | b. | increasing. | c. | changing. | d. | constant. |
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59.
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Earth’s plates move a few millimeters to several centimeters each
a. | day. | b. | week. | c. | month. | d. | year. |
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60.
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Knowing the average speed of Earth’s plates helps scientists
a. | avoid collisions between the plates. | b. | feel the plates moving. | c. | predict future
changes. | d. | prevent earthquakes. |
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